CyberSecurity Fundamentals

Understanding of TCP/IP, DNS, HTTP/S, and other protocols

Network components: Routers, switches, firewalls

Fundamentals of Networking – OSI Model and TCP/IP Model

Fundamentals of Networking – IP addressing, subnetting, and VLANs

Firewalls, VPNs, and Network Security Tools -Types of firewalls and how they work

Firewalls, VPNs, and Network Security Tools -Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) for secure connections

Firewalls, VPNs, and Network Security Tools -Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)

Wireless Security – Wi-Fi encryption standards (WEP, WPA, WPA2, WPA3)

Wireless Security – Common vulnerabilities in wireless networks

Understanding Windows, Linux, and macOS security features

File systems, permissions, and processes

Firewalls, VPNs, IDS/IPS

Network architecture and design

Encryption algorithms: AES, RSA, SHA

Public vs. private keys, digital signatures

Tools: Nmap, Metasploit, Burp Suite

Techniques: Scanning, enumeration, exploitation

Monitoring and analysis

SIEM tools (e.g., Splunk, ELK Stack)

Monitoring and analysis

Understanding threat landscapes

Analyzing malware and vulnerabilities

Incident handling processes

Forensics and evidence collection

Understanding regulations: GDPR, HIPAA, PCI-DSS

Policy creation and implementation

Securing cloud infrastructure and services

AWS, Azure, Google Cloud security features

Setting up a home lab with virtual machines

Practicing penetration testing in controlled environments (e.g., Hack The Box, TryHackMe)

CompTIA Security+: Entry-level certification

Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH): Focuses on ethical hacking

Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP): Advanced certification

Certified Information Security Manager (CISM): Focuses on management

Internships or part-time roles in cybersecurity

Participating in capture the flag (CTF) competitions

Following cybersecurity news and blogs

Engaging with cybersecurity communities and forums